Патофизиологические механизмы дискогенных поясничных радикулопатий (Обзор литературы)

В статье представлен обзор современных данных о патофизиологических механизмах, лежащих в основе возникновения поясничных дискогенных радикулопатий. Описаны изменения микроциркуляции, нарушения аксонального транспорта при компрессии спинномозгового корешка (СМК) грыжей межпозвонкового диска (МПД), отражена динамика возможной регрессии грыж МПД. Описаны патофизиологические механизмы компрессии СМК при рострокаудальном подвывихе, возможность мультифокальной компрессии СМК. Отражена роль пульпозного ядра как грыжевого материала в инициации воспалительного процесса, роль иммунных механизмов при дискогенных поясничных радикулопатиях. Отражена центральная роль цитокинов в развитии воспаления и болевого синдрома при дискогенных поясничных радикулопатиях. Показана важность изучения патофизиологических процессов с целью совершенствования методов диагностики и лечения дискогенных поясничных радикулопатий.

дискогенная поясничная радикулопатия, грыжа межпозвонкового диска, пульпозное ядро, цитокины, спинномозговой корешок

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