The article gives an overview of current trends in the study of the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. We present some of their own clinical trials.

Homocysteine is an intermediate link in the synthesis of methionine, which is one of the irreplaceable amino acids in an organism. The increase of the homocysteinine level in the blood causes negative effects on the epithelium of vessels and thrombosis. Hyperhomocysteinemia is a significant risk factor for early development and rapid aggravation of atherosclerosis, obliteration and thrombosis of veins and arteries, it is the cause for the development of pregnancy complications and fetal developmental defects.

It is presented the modern aspects of normal wound healing as a characteristic of acute wound process in the review. The information about the interaction features of cellular and humoral defenses mechanisms in the different phases of wound healing is given. It is presented the differences in the pathogenesis of chronic wound healing characterized in the defects of the healing process stages. It is paid the attention of the prolonged pathological inflammation as unbalanced immune reactions in the response to the biofilm producers' bacteria persistence which is the distinguishing feature of chronic wound.

The study was done in the framework of the program for medical screening of liquidators that are residing in Obninsk and who were participating in reconstruction works in the zone of Chernobyl accident. The average radiation dose was 100 mGy within the group. Hypersthenia of the sympathetic nervous system as well as cortisol and myoglobin level elevation in the blood were diagnosed within the liquidators in a long-term period. Hyperbare oxygenation and psychotherapy enables to normalize biochemical blood indices, physical and psychological states as well as to increase the life quality index for 25%. The obtained data indicates the development of stress-dependent pathology within the liquidators and provide the scientific foundation for recommendation to include hyperbare oxygenation and psychotherapy in comprehensive rehabilitation protocol of liquidators.

There has been performed the analysis of the clinico-morphological characteristics of breast cancer in 849 patients, including groups with mutations of the BRCA1, BRCA2 and CHEK2 genes. There has been performed the comparison of the groups with each other and with the group without the mutation. Spread tumors and tumors with higher clinical stage have been more common and tumors with negative estrogen receptor status and double- negative receptor status have been less common for patients with CHEK2 mutations than patients with BRCA1 mutations. The three times greater frequency of the presence of breast cancer and/or ovarian cancer in family history has been difference between the subgroups of patients with a 5382insC mutation and the subgroups with 300T> G, 4153delA, 185delAG mutations of the BRCA1.

The aim of the research was to establish the spectrum of expression changes of tyrosinated (Tyr-), detyrosinated (Glu-) and deglutaminated (?2- ) tubulins in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and to assess its connection with the morphology of tumors. The study was performed on biopsy fragments from 39 patients with IBD and 23 patients of control group. Expression was assessed in slides stained by immunohistochemistry as well as double immunofluorescence. Crohn's disease (CD) is characterized by increase in Tyr-tubulin in the crypt epithelial cells and in the stroma while the level of Glu-tubulin doesn't change significantly both in CD and in ulcerative colitis (UC). Expression of ?2-tubulin in IBD didn't differ from the control group. Presence of CD and patients' gender has the greatest impact on Tyr-tubulin expression in epithelium as well as mucin depletion is connected with a level of Glu-tubulin.

In the result of the molecular genetic analysis in the overall group of patients with chronic myeloproliferative diseases V617F mutation of JAK2 gene was detected in 73,4±3,0% cases, this mutation was significantly more often detected within the patients over 50 years old. Del/ins mutations of CALR gene were detected in the overall group in 7,5±1,8% cases, prevailing within the patients younger than 50 years old. The total frequency of mutations identified in the overall group of patients with CMPD was 80,8 ± 2,7%. Testing of V617F mutation of JAK2 gene allows toperform the genetic verification of polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia and idiopathic myelofibrosis in 91%, 54% и 64% cases respectively. Including into testing the mutation of CALR gene allows detecting of 12% and 14% of genetically confirmed cases of essential thrombocythemia and idiopathic myelofibrosis in addition respectively. It was noted the absence of the joint manifestation of mutation of JAK2 и CALR genes.

Leukemia is one of the most expected malignant neoplasms, which could be associated with radiation impact. There have been no epidemiological studies, which described population levels of leukaemia in Belarus for the long time after Chernobyl disaster. Thus the aim of this study was to estimate leukaemia rates in Belarus for the 1991- 2014. Data of Belorussian Cancer Registry were analyzed by calculation of crude rates (CR), age-specific rates (AsR) and age standardized rates (ASR). Trend analysis was realized by investigation of average annual percentage change (APC). There were found 23 683 cases of leukemia (C91-C95) in Belarus for 1991-2014. AsR are higher in males than females and 0-4 years old children have higher risk of leukaemia (acute forms mainly) than 5-44 years old people. After 45 years old risk of leukaemia is growing rapidly (chronic forms mainly). Trends analysis have not shown any significant growth of both crude and standardized incidence rates (APC is about 1%) CR is higher for rural than urban residents, but ASR contrary is higher for urban than rural, that could be explained by different age structure of these populations. There have been no significant differences in ASR by areas of the Belarus, especially in highly contaminated areas of Belarus. Obtained data can be used in further epidemiological studies of leukaemia risk in the groups of high radiation exposure.

The paper presents the results of application of medical ozone in the rehabilitative treatment of 135 patients with ischemic heart disease with stable I-II functional class angina. Ozone synthesis was carried out on ozone therapeutic installation УОТА -60-01 "Medozon," Moscow. Therapy was carried out in the form of intravenous infusion of ozonized physiological solution with ozone concentration of 2-4 mg/l, 3 times per week, in the amount of 7 procedures in patients receiving nitrates, or beta blockers, or inhibitors of angiotensin converting enzyme. The results of the study indicate a high clinical efficacy of the method of ozone therapy that is a qualitatively new approach in restorative treatment of patients with coronary heart disease.

The article provides analysis data of cytokine levels in blood serum within the patients with cystic benign tumors of the ovaries as well as changes of IL-2 , IL-8 cytokines and TNF during anti-inflammatory therapy. Examinations and treatment are conducted on the basis of clinical and gynecology departments of SI "RRC for RM&HE". 98 patients of the major group (group1) and 30 patients of monitoring group (group 2) were examined. Anti- inflammatory treatment was provided for the patients of the major group. There were detected statistically significant changes of cytokine level after the treatment and the differences in cytokine levels within the patients with tumorous neoplasms and endometrioid ovarian cysts. Using ROC - analysis it was found out that the most informative in identifying patients with endometrial cysts were the indices of CRP and TNF. Thus, the changes in cytokine levels and CRP are indicative during outpatient stage and allow holding a differentiated approach to the diagnosis and treatment of benign cystic ovarian tumors.

The assessment of the share stress was performed in the vessels of vertebrobasilar system within the patients of young age diagnosed with spondylogenic vertebrobasilar insufficiency. 229 patients (women - 138, men - 91) from 18 to 40 years old, that took part in study, (32,8±3,1 years) were diagnosed with vertebrobasilar insufficiency against the background of musculo-reflectory, neuro-vascular and radicular syndromes of osteochondrosis of the cervical spine. It was detected that patients of a young age diagnosed with vertebrobasilar insufficiency have hemodynamic changes in the vessels of vertebrobasilar pool, which indicate mechanism that caused endothelial dysfunction. That was indicated that the share stress is increased together with the influence of spondylogenic activity at the vessels of vertebrobasilar pool. Therefore, the assessment of this indicator could be used for prediction of endothelial dysfunction development, which is strategically important therapeutic objective for treatment and prevention of cerebrovascular aftereffects.

The analysis of clinical, laboratory and sonographic parameters in children Gomel region at the time of the Chernobyl accident, held a screening study. It is shown that in the period from 1991-1996. Nodular pathology was verified in 1,4% (244/17552; 99% CI (1,2-1,6 %)) examined children Gomel region cohort.

We have 135 patients were operated (145 eyes) with KK II, III stages. Depending on the stage of KC, all patients were divided into two groups. Group I consisted of patients with KC stage II, group II - patients with KC stage III. All patients underwent implantation MyoRing was performed intrastromal pocket formed by the FSL IntraLase FS 60 kHz. The observation period averaged 36 months (6 to 40 months). Implantation of intrastromal MyoRing using FSL possible to achieve stabilization of the disease and improve visual acuity in patients with KC II and III stages.

The study was conducted on the basis of SI "RRC for RM&HE". 140 patients of working age with excess body weight or obesity were examined. Biochemical blood analysis included determination of lipid metabolism indices, cytolysis enzymes of liver cells and indices of inflammation. Immunochemical blood analysis included the definition of levels of thyroid hormones and TSH. Clinical examination included history taking, physical examination of the patient with detecting of the BMI, holding of ultrasound examination of the liver and pancreas, and the detection of the linear dimensions of the adipose tissue of the abdominal wall. The analysis of laboratory and anthropometric data of the examined patients revealed high frequency of previously unidentified metabolic syndrome occurrence within 69,5% of working age population. Hypertriglyceridemia (73,2%), arterial hypertension (46,3%) and visceral adiposity symptoms detected by abdominal ultrasound examination are more frequently identified in the metabolic syndrome criteria structure. Correlation was determined between visceral adiposity and growth of laboratory indices, characterizing atherogenesis and hepatic cytolysis on the background of dyslipidaemia The study has confirmed that not the presence of overweighting and/or obesity has prognostic value rather than early diagnosis of visceral type of fat tissue deposits for manifestation of metabolic syndrome within young people of working age. At a young age the presence of US- symptoms of non-alcoholic liver and pancreatic gland diseases is clearly interrelated with atherogenic shift of lipoid blood specter with a tendency to cytolysis of hepatic cells on the background of formation of visceral type of obesity.

The article presents the results of diagnostics of local vascular and microcirculatory disturbances caused by high-energy trauma shin. Such injuries according to the classification of fractures of AO / ASIF (the AO classification) are complex segmental fractures of the tibia (42S2) and complex irregular comminuted fractures of the tibia (42S3) or 3A-B type according to the classification of open fractures Gustilo-Andersen. A comparative analysis of the data obtained in the angiographic and sonographic studies.

This article provides information about newly discovered patterns of blood concentrations of tumor markers (HE4, LPA), proinflammatory cytokines (IL-8, TNF-?) and p55 soluble receptor in ovarian cancer patients. The study comprised 101 ovarian cancer patients and 30 clinically healthy women. Nonparametric statistical methods were used to analyze the content of all the studied indices with respect to tumor spread and basic clinical and morphological characteristics of the tumor. Their diagnostic value for preoperative risk assessment of ovarian cancer progression was determined. The most informative laboratory tests (HE4 and p55) were identified and a method of assessing the risk of tumor progression was developed, which allows to assess the risk of tumor progression preoperatively with a sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 82.0%, 79.0% and 80.5% respectively.

A brief history of the Department of Radiation Medicine and Ecology BSMU. Reflected the prospects of development of the department, its role in the training of medical personnel, the main directions of scientific work.