Prognostic significance of cytogenetic and molecular genetic rearrangements in multiple myeloma
Abstract
Multiple myeloma is a malignant tumor of B-lymphocytes with a different clinical picture and course, which is based on cytogenetic and molecular genetic changes. Due to the use of new diagnostic methods FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) and NGS (new generation sequencing), it became possible to detect various anomalies associated with the course and prognosis at the initial stage. This makes it possible to stratify patients by risk groups and take these data into account when choosing therapy. High-risk aberrations include deletion 17pt, (4;14), t(14;16), t(14;20), and chromosome 1 abnormalities, as well as mutations in the KRAS and NRAS genes. Patients with these changes are at high risk. They have a lower survival rate and worse prognosis compared to the standard risk group. Therefore, clinicians need to take into account the data of cytogenetics and molecular genetics when making a decision regarding treatment. This will improve the survival and quality of life of this group. The article presents an overview of the most common cytogenetic and molecular genetic rearrangements in multiple myeloma, in confirmation a description of a clinical case is given.
About the Author
Zh. M. Kozich
ГУ «РНПЦ радиационной медицины и экологии человека»
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
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Review
For citations:
Kozich Zh.M. Prognostic significance of cytogenetic and molecular genetic rearrangements in multiple myeloma. Medical and Biological Problems of Life Activity. 2022;(2):6-11. (In Russ.)
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