The role of CD95, CD56 expression, immunohistochemical marker CD138 in tumor progression in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and solitary plasmacytoma in residents of the Gomel region, Belarus

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a disease characterized by slow tumor growth of plasma cells in the bone marrow with the production of monoclonal immunoglobulins in serum and / or urine and osteolytic bone lesions, in its development passes the stage of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance with 1% risk of progression per year. Patients with solitary plasmacytoma with minimal plasmacytosis in the bone marrow also have an increased risk of progression to MM.In practice, for diagnosis, differential diagnosis, the method of flow cytometry of bone marrow aspirate and immunohistochemical examination of bone marrow are widely used, which can identify unfavorable markers of progression in MGNZ and SP.Expression of markers such as CD95 and CD56, as well as the immunohistochemical marker CD138, may play a prognostic role in the progression of these diseases.In our study, we provided the results of studying the expression of immunophenotypic markers CD95 and CD56, as well as the immunohistochemical marker CD138 on tumor plasma cells, detected during the progression of MGUS and SP.

CD56, CD95, CD138, flow cytometry, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), solitary plasmacytoma (SP)

1. Rajkumar, S.V. Multiple myeloma: 2014 Update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management / S.V. Rajkumar // Am. J. Hematol. - 2014. - Vol. 89, № 10. - P. 999- 1009.

2. Kyle, R.A. Multiple myeloma / R.A. Kyle, S.V. Rajkumar // N. Engl. J. Med. - 2004. - Vol. 351, № 18. - P. 1860-1873.

3. Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) consistently precedes multiple myeloma: a prospective study / O. Landgren [et al.] // Blood. - 2009. - Vol. 113, № 22. - P. 5412-5417.

4. Solitary plasmacytoma of bone and asymptomatic multiple myeloma / M.A. Dimopoulos [et al.] // Blood. - 2000. - Vol. 96, № 6. - P. 2037-2044.

5. Incidence, characteristics, and outcome of solitary plasmacytoma and plasma cell leukemia. Population-based data from the Swedish Myeloma Register / H. Nahi [et al.] // Eur. J. Haematol. - 2017. - Vol. 99, №3. - P. 216-222.

6. Diagnosis, treatment, and response assessment in solitary plasmacytoma: updated recommendations from a European Expert Panel /j. Caers [et al.] //j. Hematol. Oncol. - 2018. - Vol. 11, № 1. - P. 10.

7. Assessment of bone marrow plasma cell infiltrates in multiple myeloma: the added value of CD138 immunohistochemistry / S.Z. Al-Quran [et al.] // Hum. Pathol. - 2007. - Vol. 38, № 12. - P. 1779-1787.

8. The phenotype of normal, reactive and malignant plasma cells. Identification of “many and multiple myelomas” and of new targets for myeloma therapy / R. Bataille [et al.] // Haematologica. - 2006. - Vol. 91, №9. - P. 1234-1240.

9. Clinicopathological and prognostic characteristics of CD56-negative multiple myeloma / N. Sahara [et al.] // Br. J. Haematol. - 2002. - Vol. 117, № 4. - P. 882-885.

10. Nagata, S. The Fas death factor / S. Nagata, P. Golstein // Science. - 1995. - Vol. 267, № 5203. - P. 1449-1456.

11. Absence of both CD56 and CD117 expression on malignant plasma cells is related with a poor prognosis in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma / Y. Pan [et al.] // Leuk. Res. - 2016. - Vol. 40. - P. 77-82.