Cytokine microenvironment of mucous membranes in immunopathology

Cytokines regulate the functioning of the mucosal immune system at various levels of innate and acquired immune response. The disturbances in cytokines balance result in the loss of the mucous membranes barrier function as well as the development of a protumorigenic or chronic autoimmune microenvironment. Changes in the local microenvironment of the mucous membranes as a result of a complex network of interactions between cytokines and target cells may be a key step towards understanding the pathogenesis of immune-mediated mucosal system diseases and the development of new effective methods of diagnosis and therapy. In this article the cytokine in situ production of IL-15, αIFN and Reg3γ, IL-8, IL-17 and TGFβ was assessed in 55 patients with immunopathology of the mucous membranes (malignant and benign neoplasms of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, polypous rhinosinusitis and Crohn’s disease). The relationship of cytokines and mechanisms of innate and acquired immunity has been established under conditions of pathological tolerance and chronic autoimmune inflammation development.

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