medbioМедико-биологические проблемы жизнедеятельностиMedical and Biological Problems of Life Activity2074-2088Республиканский научно-практический центр радиационной медицины и экологии человека10.58708/2074-2088.2025-4(36)-16-21medbio-476Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И ПРОБЛЕМНЫЕ СТАТЬИREVIEWS AND PROBLEM ARTICLESИммунная реконституция после трансплантации гемопоэтических стволовых клеток: современное состояние проблемыImmune reconstitution after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: current state of the problemЖеркоЛ. В.ZherkoL. V.

г. Минск

lubazherko@gmail.comБелевцевМ. В.BelevtsevM. V.

г. Минск

Belevtsev_m@mail.ruГУ «РНПЦ детской онкологии, гематологии и иммунологии»Belarus202510122025041621Copyright © Жерко Л.В., Белевцев М.В., 20252025Жерко Л.В., Белевцев М.В.Zherko L.V., Belevtsev M.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://medbio.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/476

Известно, что иммунная реконституция — многокомпонентный процесс, от которого зависит выживаемость и качество жизни пациентов после аллогенной трансплантации гемопоэтических стволовых клеток. Для оптимального иммунного ответа необходимо своевременное восстановление всех субпопуляций иммунных клеток: в норме восстановление происходит неравномерно. Основными факторами, влияющими на восстановление Т-клеток, являются реакция «трансплантат против хозяина» (РТПХ) и иммуносупрессивное лечение.

В обзоре представлены данные об иммунном восстановлении как комплексном процессе, факторах, оказывающих влияние на процесс восстановления, а также особенности и сроки восстановления натуральных киллеров, цитотоксических Т-лимфоцитов, Т-хелперов, В-лимфоцитов.

It is known that immune reconstitution is a multicomponent process that determines the survival and quality of life of patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. For an optimal immune response, it is necessary to restore all subpopulations of immune cells in a timely manner; normally, restoration occurs unevenly. The main factors influencing T-cell restoration are GVHD and immunosuppressive treatment.

The review presents data on immune restoration as a complex process, factors influencing the restoration process. Features and timing of restoration of natural killers, cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, T-helpers, B-lymphocytes.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.