medbioМедико-биологические проблемы жизнедеятельностиMedical and Biological Problems of Life Activity2074-2088Республиканский научно-практический центр радиационной медицины и экологии человека10.58708/2074-2088.2023-2(30)-6-16medbio-330Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И ПРОБЛЕМНЫЕ СТАТЬИREVIEWS AND PROBLEM ARTICLESРоль N-ацетилцистеина в терапии заболеваний, характеризующихся окислительным стрессом (обзор литературы)The role N-acetylcysteine (nac) in the therapy of diseases characterized by oxidative stress (literature review)https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3061-5324ЗыблеваС. В.ZyblevaS. V.

ученый секретарь научного отдела

г. Гомель

zyb-svetlana@yandex.ruРожкоЮ. И.RozhkoYu. I.

г. Гомель

ЖариковаА. В.ZharikovaA. V.

г. Гомель

КабешевБ. О.KabeshevB. O.

г. Гомель

ЗыблевС. Л.ZyblevS. L.

г. Гомель

ГУ «РНПЦ радиационной медицины и экологии человека»Belarus20232109202302616Copyright © Зыблева С.В., Рожко Ю.И., Жарикова А.В., Кабешев Б.О., Зыблев С.Л., 20232023Зыблева С.В., Рожко Ю.И., Жарикова А.В., Кабешев Б.О., Зыблев С.Л.Zybleva S.V., Rozhko Y.I., Zharikova A.V., Kabeshev B.O., Zyblev S.L.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://medbio.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/330

Окислительный стресс представляет собой повсеместно распространенный клеточный  процесс, который приводит к повреждению различных биологических молекул и вовлечен в  этиопатогенез многих заболеваний. Сульфгидрил-содержащий трипептид глутатион (GSH),  который синтезируется и поддерживается в высоких концентрациях во всех клетках, является компонентом одного из защитных механизмов. N-ацетилцистеин, синтетическое производное эндогенной аминокислоты L-цистеина и предшественник GSH, используется в течение  нескольких десятилетий в качестве муколитика и антидота при отравлении ацетаминофеном  (парацетамолом). Как муколитик N-ацетилцистеин разрушает дисульфидные связи сильно  сшитых муцинов, тем самым снижая вязкость слизи. В качестве противоядия при отравлении ацетаминофеном N-ацетилцистеин восстанавливает печеночный пул GSH, истощенный  в процессе детоксикации препарата. Совсем недавно улучшенные знания о механизмах действия N-ацетилцистеина расширили его клиническое использование. В данной публикации  мы представили обзор наиболее актуальных и последних данных о клиническом применении N-ацетилцистеина в трансплантологии, неврологии и офтальмологии.

Oxidative stress is a ubiquitous cellular process that results in damage to various biological  molecules and it is involved in the etiopathogenesis of many diseases. The sulfhydryl-containing tripeptide glutathione (GSH), which is synthesized and maintained in high concentrations  in all cells, is a component of one of the defense mechanisms. N-acetylcysteine, a synthetic  derivative of the endogenous amino acid L-cysteine and a precursor of GSH, has been used for  several decades as a mucolytic and antidote for acetaminophen (paracetamol) poisoning. As a  mucolytic, N-acetylcysteine breaks the disulfide bonds of highly cross-linked mucins, thereby  reducing the viscosity of the mucus. As an antidote for acetaminophen poisoning, N-acetylcysteine restores the hepatic GSH pool depleted during drug detoxification. More recently,  enhance knowledge of N-acetylcysteine’s mechanisms of action has expanded its clinical use.  This publication presents an overview of the most relevant and recent data on the clinical use of  N-acetylcysteine in transplantology, neurology and ophthalmology.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.